{"id":7795,"date":"2026-07-11T21:55:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-11T19:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/"},"modified":"2026-07-11T21:55:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-11T19:55:00","slug":"znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/hr\/znanstvenici-pretvaraju-ljudske-stanice-u-ziva-racunala\/","title":{"rendered":"Znanstvenici pretvaraju ljudske stanice u \u017eiva ra\u010dunala"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Istra\u017eiva\u010di Keren Roas i Lior Nissim s Hebrejskog sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Jeruzalemu prvi su stvorili umjetne genetske sustave unutar ljudskih stanica koji su sposobni obra\u0111ivati slo\u017eene informacije i slijediti precizne upute. Iako stru\u010dnjaci ve\u0107 dugo \u017eele programirati stanice da prepoznaju i reagiraju na bolesna stanja, glavna prepreka bio je nedostatak odgovaraju\u0107ih genetskih gradivnih blokova.<br><br>Prethodni poku\u0161aji su funkcionirali postupno, \u0161to zna\u010di da je svaka nova naredba zahtijevala dodatni sloj ra\u010dunalnih operacija unutar stanice. \u0160to je sustav bio ve\u0107i, br\u017ee su se smanjivale pouzdanost i u\u010dinkovitost tih biolo\u0161kih izra\u010duna. Me\u0111utim, tim iz Jeruzalema krenuo je potpuno novim putem koji stanicama omogu\u0107uje izvr\u0161avanje slo\u017eenih programa koriste\u0107i znatno manji broj koraka i genetskog materijala. Pritom su zadr\u017eali punu funkcionalnost stanice bez njenog preoptere\u0107enja.<br><br>Da bi to postigli, koristili su prirodni proces nazvan RNA trans-splicing, u kojem se dijelovi genetskih poruka spajaju unutar stanice. To su kombinirali s vlastitim umjetno dizajniranim regulatornim elementima. Stvorili su posebne molekularne alate koji djeluju kao biolo\u0161ki procesori, pokre\u0107u\u0107i ekspresiju specifi\u010dnih gena prema unaprijed odre\u0111enom planu. Budu\u0107i da sustav mo\u017ee istovremeno obraditi vi\u0161e signala, izuzetno je u\u010dinkovit.<br><br>Kao dio demonstracije, znanstvenici su izgradili biolo\u0161ke ure\u0111aje koji opona\u0161aju stvarne ra\u010dunalne komponente. Izradili su biolo\u0161ki potpuni zbraja\u010d koji mo\u017ee izvoditi jednostavne binarne matemati\u010dke operacije, sli\u010dno 3-bitnoj jedinici u ra\u010dunalnom procesoru. Tako\u0111er su razvili biolo\u0161ku verziju multipleksera, elektroni\u010dke komponente koja odabire iz vi\u0161e signala i proslje\u0111uje ih dalje. Svi ovi procesi pra\u0107eni su pomo\u0107u fluorescentnih proteina koji svijetle u razli\u010ditim bojama.<br><br>Unato\u010d po\u010detnom uzbu\u0111enju, prijenos takvih laboratorijskih sustava u \u017eiva ljudska tijela nosi nepredvidive rizike. Zato su istra\u017eiva\u010di ve\u0107 ugradili sigurnosni mehanizam. Ako stanica otkrije neva\u017ee\u0107u ili preoptere\u0107enu konfiguraciju, aktivira posebno upozorenje. To bi moglo sprije\u010diti fatalne pogre\u0161ke u medicinskim intervencijama u budu\u0107nosti.<br><br>U budu\u0107nosti bi ove pametne stanice mogle kontinuirano pratiti tjelesnu okolinu. Programirana stanica mogla bi provjeravati vi\u0161e markera bolesti odjednom i otpu\u0161tati lijek samo kada otkrije odre\u0111enu kombinaciju. Kako bi se demonstrirao ovaj koncept, stanice su programirane da lu\u010de interleukin-15 (IL-15), protein koji stimulira imunolo\u0161ki sustav u borbi protiv raka.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Raziskovalca Keren Roas in Lior Nissim s Hebrejske univerze v Jeruzalemu sta znotraj \u010dlove\u0161kih celic kot prva ustvarila umetne genetske sisteme, ki so sposobni procesirati kompleksne informacije in slediti natan\u010dnim navodilom. \u010ceprav so si strokovnjaki \u017ee dolgo \u017eeleli celice programirati tako, da bi same prepoznale bolezenska stanja in se nanje odzvale, je bila glavna ovira [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[342],"class_list":["post-7795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zivljenjski-slog","tag-racunalniki"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","heading":"","summary":"Znanstveniki so s pomo\u010djo procesa trans-prepletanja RNA ustvarili biolo\u0161ke procesorje znotraj \u010dlove\u0161kih celic. Te lahko izvajajo dvoji\u0161ko matematiko in bi v prihodnje lahko same diagnosticirale ter natan\u010dno zdravile bolezni, kot je rak.","thumbnail_small":"https:\/\/racunalniske-novice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/scientists-teach-human-1-560x315.jpg","thumbnail_large":"https:\/\/racunalniske-novice.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/scientists-teach-human-1.jpg","thumbnail_caption":"Foto: Hebrew University of Jerusalem","gallery":"","video_gallery":null,"author":"","links":null,"sources":[{"title":"phys","url":"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2026-06-scientists-human-cells-tiny.html"}],"skip_language":[]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Znanstveniki spremenili \u010dlove\u0161ke celice v \u017eive ra\u010dunalnike - Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Znanstveniki so s pomo\u010djo procesa trans-prepletanja RNA ustvarili biolo\u0161ke procesorje znotraj \u010dlove\u0161kih celic. Te lahko izvajajo dvoji\u0161ko matematiko in bi v prihodnje lahko same diagnosticirale ter na\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7795\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Znanstveniki spremenili \u010dlove\u0161ke celice v \u017eive ra\u010dunalnike - Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Raziskovalca Keren Roas in Lior Nissim s Hebrejske univerze v Jeruzalemu sta znotraj \u010dlove\u0161kih celic kot prva ustvarila umetne genetske sisteme, ki so sposobni procesirati kompleksne informacije in slediti natan\u010dnim navodilom. \u010ceprav so si strokovnjaki \u017ee dolgo \u017eeleli celice programirati tako, da bi same prepoznale bolezenska stanja in se nanje odzvale, je bila glavna ovira [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/hr\/znanstvenici-pretvaraju-ljudske-stanice-u-ziva-racunala\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-11T19:55:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"sinusiks\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisao\/la\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"sinusiks\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Procijenjeno vrijeme \u010ditanja\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/\",\"name\":\"Znanstveniki spremenili \u010dlove\u0161ke celice v \u017eive ra\u010dunalnike - Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-11T19:55:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-11T19:55:00+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/afb62e36efa34516d50249517e4cdbb4\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/znanstveniki-spremenili-cloveske-celice-v-zive-racunalnike\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Znanstveniki spremenili \u010dlove\u0161ke celice v \u017eive ra\u010dunalnike\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"hr\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/afb62e36efa34516d50249517e4cdbb4\",\"name\":\"sinusiks\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/ml.racunalniske-novice.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/viva.racunalniske-novice.com\/hr\/author\/sinusiks\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Znanstveniki spremenili \u010dlove\u0161ke celice v \u017eive ra\u010dunalnike - Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ke novice","description":"Znanstveniki so s pomo\u010djo procesa trans-prepletanja RNA ustvarili biolo\u0161ke procesorje znotraj \u010dlove\u0161kih celic. 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