Batteries of the future first in robots

Xpeng has begun small-scale production of advanced high-strength batteries for the Iron humanoid robot. The battery cells were produced even before the official start of mass production of the robot itself.

Photo: Xpeng

Although solid-state batteries are still too expensive for use in electric cars, they seem to be an ideal choice for devices where every inch of space is at a premium. For a humanoid robot that has to combine moving mechanisms, computing units and cooling systems in its housing, high energy density is crucial. Even leading suppliers such as CATL and Panasonic believe that solid-state batteries will find their first commercial use in drones and robots, and only later in electric vehicles.

CATL predicts mass production of larger battery packs for cars only after 2030, although smaller series for more expensive vehicles will be available earlier.

Xpeng has paid special attention to safety and equipped the battery packs with protection against the spread of thermal runaway between cells. The batteries have successfully passed demanding impact and nail puncture tests, which is especially important for a device that will operate in close proximity to people.

The production line for the Iron robot was launched in early September. The assembled robot walked off the assembly line on its own, and more than 80 percent of key production processes are fully automated. Mass production is planned for the end of 2026, with the official start of sales and deliveries in 2027.

The robot will initially perform the tasks of a shop assistant and present products to customers. It is not yet clear whether it will be a fully solid-state technology or a hybrid solution that still uses some liquid electrolyte components. Its safety in practice will also have to stand the test of time.